Hand and Finger Contracture

Hand and finger contracture refers to the abnormal tightening or shortening of the muscles, tendons, or skin in the hand and fingers, leading to reduced range of motion and functional impairment. This condition can result from various factors, including trauma, burns, neurological conditions, or prolonged immobilization.

Traumatic injuries, such as fractures or dislocations, can cause damage to the soft tissues of the hand and fingers, leading to scarring and contracture formation during the healing process. Burns affecting the hand and fingers can also result in contractures, as scar tissue forms and tightens over time, restricting movement.

Neurological conditions, such as stroke, cerebral palsy, or spinal cord injury, can cause muscle weakness or spasticity in the hand and fingers, leading to contracture development. Prolonged immobilization of the hand, such as being in a cast or splint for an extended period, can also contribute to contracture formation due to muscle atrophy and stiffness.

The symptoms of hand and finger contracture may vary depending on the severity and underlying cause but often include:

• Reduced range of motion: Difficulty straightening or bending the fingers fully.
• Stiffness and tightness: Feeling of tightness or pulling in the hand muscles and tendons.
• Difficulty grasping or manipulating objects: Impaired ability to perform daily activities such as writing, typing, or holding utensils.
• Pain or discomfort: Discomfort or pain with movement or when pressure is applied to the affected hand and fingers.
• Visible scarring: Scar tissue may be visible on the skin surface, particularly in cases of burn-related contractures.

Management of hand and finger contracture typically involves a combination of conservative measures and surgical intervention, depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition. Conservative treatment options may include physical therapy, stretching exercises, splinting, or orthoses to help gradually stretch and mobilize the hand and finger tissues.

In cases where conservative measures are ineffective, surgical intervention may be necessary to release the tightened tissues and restore normal hand function. Surgical techniques may include scar tissue release, tendon lengthening, or joint reconstruction procedures to improve hand mobility and alleviate symptoms.