Jaw Reconstruction

Jaw reconstruction is a complex surgical procedure aimed at restoring the form, function, and aesthetics of the jawbone, typically following trauma, injury, surgery, or medical conditions affecting the jaw. These procedures are typically performed by oral and maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, or head and neck surgeons who specialize in the reconstruction of the facial structures.

• Evaluation and Consultation: The process begins with a comprehensive evaluation of the patient's medical history and a thorough examination of the affected jaw. The surgeon assesses the extent of the defect, the underlying bone and soft tissue anatomy, and the patient's functional needs, such as chewing, speaking, and breathing. During the consultation, the surgeon discusses treatment options, expected outcomes, and potential risks and complications.
• Preparation: Before the reconstruction surgery, the patient may undergo preoperative tests and assessments to ensure they are in good health for surgery. The surgeon provides instructions on preoperative preparation, including any medications to avoid and dietary restrictions.

Surgical Techniques:

• Bone Grafting: Bone grafting is a common technique used in jaw reconstruction to restore missing or damaged bone tissue. The surgeon harvests bone grafts from another part of the body, such as the hip, ribs, or skull, or uses donor bone tissue. The bone grafts are then carefully placed and secured in the defect area of the jaw to provide support, stability, and promote bone healing.
• Osteotomy: Osteotomy involves cutting and repositioning the jawbone to correct deformities, improve alignment, and restore function. This may be necessary in cases of jaw fractures, congenital abnormalities, or jaw misalignment (malocclusion).
• Microvascular Reconstruction: In cases of extensive jaw defects or loss of jawbone due to trauma, tumors, or surgical resection, microvascular reconstruction may be performed. This involves harvesting bone, soft tissue, and blood vessels from another part of the body, such as the fibula, scapula, or iliac crest, and transferring them to the jaw using microsurgical techniques to restore form and function.
• Implant Placement: Dental implants may be placed in the reconstructed jawbone to support dental prostheses, such as crowns, bridges, or dentures, to restore chewing function and improve aesthetics.