Hypospadias Correction Surgery

Hypospadias is a congenital condition in males where the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip. Hypospadias correction surgery is a procedure performed to correct this anatomical abnormality and restore normal urinary and sexual function. This surgery is typically performed during infancy or early childhood, although it can also be done in older children or adults if the condition has not been corrected previously.

Pre-operative Evaluation: Before surgery, the patient undergoes a thorough evaluation by a pediatric urologist or pediatric surgeon. This may include a physical examination, urinalysis, imaging studies, and assessment of the severity of the hypospadias.

Surgical Procedure: The surgical approach to hypospadias correction depends on the specific anatomy and severity of the condition. The procedure generally involves the following steps:

• Mobilization of the urethral plate: The urethral plate, the tissue that forms the underside of the penis, is dissected and mobilized to allow for proper positioning of the urethral opening.
• Reconstruction of the urethra: The urethral opening is repositioned to the tip of the penis, and a new urethral tube is created using tissue grafts or flaps.
• Closure of the penile skin: The skin of the penis is closed around the newly positioned urethra to create a normal appearance.
• Correction of penile curvature (if present): In some cases, additional procedures may be performed to correct any curvature or deformity of the penis.

Post-operative Care: After surgery, the patient is closely monitored in the hospital for a period of time to ensure proper healing and recovery. Pain management, wound care, and monitoring for complications such as bleeding or infection are important during this time.

Follow-up: Regular follow-up visits with the surgical team are scheduled to monitor the progress of healing and assess urinary function. Additional procedures or interventions may be necessary in some cases to address complications or refine the results of the initial surgery.

Hypospadias correction surgery is generally safe and effective, with high success rates in achieving satisfactory cosmetic and functional outcomes. However, like any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications, including bleeding, infection, urethral stricture (narrowing), fistula formation (abnormal openings), and recurrence of hypospadias. Close collaboration between the surgical team, the patient, and the patient's family is important to ensure the best possible outcome.